Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)

AN EXPLORATION ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT COMPRESSION SYSTEM FOR PASSENGER FIGURE IMAGES

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February 19, 2024 In MSMK

msmk.01.2024.01.03

ABSTRACT

AN EXPLORATION ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT COMPRESSION SYSTEM FOR PASSENGER FIGURE IMAGES

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Qian Luo, Xu Huo

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.01.2024.01.03

In light of the remarkable advancements in communication information technology and multimedia internet technology, there arises an increasingly demanding need for the proficient handling of image data pertaining to passenger luggage. This encompasses the critical aspects of image transmission, storage, and compression. The contemporary landscape of passenger figure images presents a formidable data magnitude, which poses considerable trials upon the constraints of limited bandwidth. Consequently, the implementation of digital image compression strives to capture the overarching characteristics of the images utilizing a diminished bit count, while concurrently minimizing the potential degradation during the subsequent image restoration process. The present study incorporates principal component analysis (PCA) in the context of the security inspection industry, specifically focusing on passenger figure images. The application of PCA is integrated within the research framework of image compression and reconstruction systems. In this regard, MATLAB software is utilized to simulate the experiments, followed by an in-depth analysis of the obtained results. The findings demonstrate that by ensuring a cumulative contribution rate of more than 85% from a select few principal components following variable dimension reduction, it is feasible to achieve clear and distortion-free passenger figure images.
Pages 01-03
Year 2023
Issue 1
Volume 8

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December 20, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.125.142

ABSTRACT

A NEW SOFT SET OPERATION: COMPLEMENTARY SOFT BINARY PIECEWISE PLUS (+) OPERATION

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Aslıhan SEZGİN, Akın Osman ATAGÜN

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.125.142

Soft set theory, introduced by Molodtsov, is as an important mathematical tool to deal with uncertainty and it has been applied to many fields both as theoretical and application aspects. Since 1999, different kinds of soft set operations has been defined and used in various types. In this paper, we define a new kind of soft set operation called, complementary soft binary piecewise plus operation and investigate its basic algebraic properties. Moreover, by examining the distribution rules, we contribute to the soft set literature by obtaining the relationships between this new soft set operation and some other types of soft set operations such as soft restrcited, extended, soft binary piecewise, and complementary soft binary piecewise operations. As proposing new soft set operations and obtaining their algebraic properties and implementations opens up new avenues for handling parametric data challenges in terms of decision-making methods and new cryptography approaches, and analyzing the algebraic structure of soft sets from the standpoint of new soft set operations offers a thorough understanding of the algebraic structure of soft sets, this paper can be regarded as both theoretical and application study.
Pages 125-142
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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December 7, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.122.124

ABSTRACT

THE INTERSECTION PROBLEM FOR RESOLVABLE BALANCED INCOMPLETE BLOCK DESIGNS WITH SMALL ORDERS

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Yannan Li, Qi Feng

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.122.124

The intersection problem is one of the basic problems in combinatorial design theorys. In this paper, two cases of resolvable balanced incomplete block designs of size four are investigated. As the basic step of the study on the intersection problem for resolvable balanced incomplete block designs, we have determined some values of the intersection numbers. It will play an important role on the further recursive constructions.
Pages 122-124
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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November 22, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.01.2023.58.62

ABSTRACT

ON APPROXIMATE ANALYTIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND ANALYSIS OF SOLUTIONS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: M.O. Aibinu, S. Moyo

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.01.2023.58.62

The study presents how to obtain the solutions of the n^th-order ordinary differential equations with varying delay proportional to the independent variable, where n belongs to the set of natural number, ℕ. These are equations that are often used in Mathematics to characterize real life problems such as optimizing profits, minimizing costs, and improving individuals’ health. Economic models can help to understand and predict the economic behaviours of different countries. The results of this study are applied to certain economic models. Under the assumption that the market is in equilibrium, the study considers price adjustment models and proposes an adjustment model by introducing a proportional delay into the formulation, which improves the suitability of the models. The study displays the solutions of the models by using Matlab to present their graphs and compare them.
Pages 58-62
Year 2023
Issue 1
Volume 7

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November 3, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.01.2023.50.57

ABSTRACT

A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO EVALUATING SOLUTIONS OF BESSEL’S FUNCTION OF THE FIRST KIND OF ORDER N

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: D.O. Akpootu, G. Bello

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.01.2023.50.57

This study establishes mathematically a comprehensive approach for evaluating the solutions of Bessel’s function of the first kind for different values of the order n. The study revealed that the knowledge of gamma function, Maclaurin’s series and basic laws of indices plays a significant role in evaluating the Bessel’s function of order n. The results showed that the solutions, J-1(x) = J-2(x) = J-3(x) = 0 for x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4…….12; the pattern of variation for the various graphs of J0(x), J1/2(x), J-1/2(x), J1(x), J3/2(x), J-3/2(x), J2(x), J5/2(x), J-5/2(x) and J3(x) were investigated and the results showed that there is a slight decrease in the values of J0(x) from x = 0 to 3 which then increase steadily from x = 4 to 12, for J1/2(x), J3/2(x), J2(x) and J3(x), the values increases from x = 0 to 12. The values of J-1/2(x) increases steadily from x = 0 to 12 in the form of a parabola. For J1(x), the graph increase from x = 0 to 2 then decreases at x = 3 and increases continuously from x = 4 to 12. The figure depicting J-3/2(x) showed that when x = 0, J-3/2(0) = ∞ , negative values were obtained at x = 1 and 2, the values then increases steadily from x = 4 to 12. The figure for J5/2(x) shows that the values increases from x = 0 to 2 and decreases negatively from x = 3 to 8 and increases steadily from x = 9 to 12. The figure for J-5/2(x) depicts that when x = 0, J-5/2(0) = ∞, the values decrease from x = 1 to 2 and decreases further but negatively from x = 3 to 12.
Pages 50-57
Year 2023
Issue 1
Volume 7

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October 16, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.114.121

ABSTRACT

COMPLEMENTAL BINARY OPERATIONS OF SETS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO GROUP THEORY

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Aslıhan Sezgin, Naim Çağman, Akın Osman Atagün, Fitnat Nur Aybek

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.114.121

Set theory is considered as the foundation of all mathematics since many mathematical concepts cannot be defined precisely without using set-theoretical concepts. In this study, we define new complemental binary operations, called union complements, intersection left complement, and union right complement and investigate their properties in detail. We contribute to the literature of sets by illuminating the relationships between these complemental binary operations and inclusive\exclusive complements via researching the distribution rules. Moreover, we show that the set of all the sets together with these new complemental binary operations form some algebraic structures. Finally, with the inspiration of these novel concepts, we give an application to group theory as regards subgroups by defining new type of subgroups in order to prompt the reader to think via interesting questions. Since the concept of operations of soft set theory, one of the most popular theory for uncertainty modeling in the past twenty four years, is the crucial notion for developing the theory and since all the types of soft set operations are based on the classical set operations, generation of new complemental binary operations on sets, and thus on soft sets and derivation of their algebraic properties will provide new perspectives for solving problems related to parametric data.
Pages 114-121
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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October 4, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.103.113

ABSTRACT

APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC REGRESSION (DR) TO MODELING OF THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) OF NIGERIA

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Biremo B., Raji I., and Ilugbo S.O.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.103.113

This study examine the significant contribution of Nigeria Stock Market towards the Gross Domestic Product. The main objective of this work is to assess the level of Stock Market stability in Nigeria by applying Dynamic Regression to modeling of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) using the Quarterly Gross Domestic Product at 1990 constant basic prices of Nigeria from the first quarter of 1985 to the third quarter of 2013. Quarterly all Share Index of the Nigerian Stock Exchange from the first quarter of 1985 to the fourth quarter of 2013 and finally Quarterly Market Capitalization of the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the same period. It was observed that the relationship is statistically significant, which allows the stock market to have an impact on the Nigerian Economy. It was concluded that Government and Economic planner should take more advantage of statistical tools in studying the relationship between the GDP movement and the Stock Exchange.
Pages 103-113
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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October 2, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.95.102

ABSTRACT

A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO EVALUATING SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS USING LAPLACE TRANSFORM

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: G. Bello, and D. O. Akpootu

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.95.102

This paper employed the use of Laplace transform to obtain solutions of differential equations of the first and second order with given boundary conditions, also the study investigated the pattern of variation exhibited graphically by the various solutions of differential equations at x = 0 to 12. The results in this study revealed that the solutions obtained usually contain exponential functions, while the differential equations with sine and cosine functions has solution that contains exponential and sine function. Furthermore, the differential equations with cosine function has solution that contain sine function only while differential equations that contain a perfect square multiple of f(x) in which the differential equation is equated to zero may have a solution that contain a sine function only. The graphically representation shows different pattern of variation depending on the solutions of the evaluated differential equations.
Pages 95-102
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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October 2, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.01.2023.46.49

ABSTRACT

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: D.O. Akpootu, and S. B. Lawal

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.01.2023.46.49

For optimal characterization of radio communication channel, key parameters and a mathematical model are essential for predicting or determining the signal coverage, channel efficiency and capacity. Path loss prediction plays a basic role in planning and designing of every radio communication link. This paper investigates a suitable model capable of planning a better global system for mobile communication (GSM) network (MTN) with a view to address numerous complain of poor quality service by the subscribers, within Sokoto city using measuring tape, Basic Transreceiver System (BTS) app on mobile phone and mobile device distance. Received Signal Strength (RSS) were obtained from MTN base stations (network) located in State and path loss was analyzed. The experimental measurement of path loss was compared to theoretical models of COST231 and Hata models. The results showed that the COST231 was found most suitable path loss prediction model for Sub-urban region of Sokoto based on the validation test; however, the Hata model also produces reasonable estimates and can be use for path loss prediction model in the location.
Pages 46-49
Year 2023
Issue 1
Volume 7

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July 14, 2023 In MSMK

msmk.02.2023.88.94

ABSTRACT

INVESTIGATING HINDRANCE FACTORS WHICH FORESTALLED TEACHERS’ PARTICIPATION IN PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN GHANA

Journal: Matrix Science Mathematic (MSMK)
Author: Samuel Kwaku Boadu, Gyasi Alfred Bannor

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.26480/msmk.02.2023.88.94

An online survey was conducted on a sample of 32 senior high school mathematics teachers in Kumasi senior high technical school using virtual snowballing technique. The study investigated the hindrance factors to teachers’ participation in performance contracting in senior high schools in Ghana. The study sought to conduct principal component analysis (PCA) on teacher contracting construct to identify the most important factors which had forestalled the implementation of teacher contracts in senior high schools in Ghana. Data was collected using researcher designed questionnaires of close-ended types on an evaluative continuum ranging from strongly disagree (SD) to strongly agree (SA) with alpha-reliability of 0.72. Data was analysed using both descriptive and multivariate inferential statistical techniques, particularly Exploratory Factor Analysis. Three (3) important factors (Teachers’ Perception, Information on PCs and Relevance of PCs) were extracted by principal component analysis of teachers’ responses. The results revealed that there should be strategies to develop positive perception of performance contracting in teachers through the provision of appropriate information on the relevance of teachers’ participation in performance contracting in senior high schools in Ghana.
Pages 88-94
Year 2023
Issue 2
Volume 7

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